How would you engineer several voltaic cells to fit in a typical car battery?
Answer:
It's mainly the dynamics of a reversible chemical reaction and the back and forth of electron flow.
Automotive starter batteries (usually of lead-acid type) provide a nominal 12-volt potential difference by connecting six galvanic cells in series. Each cell provides 2.1 volts for a total of 12.6 volt at full charge. Lead-acid batteries are made up of plates of lead and separate plates of lead dioxide, which are submerged into an electrolyte solution of about 35% sulfuric acid and 65% water.[2] This causes a chemical reaction that releases electrons, allowing them to flow through conductors to produce electricity. As the battery discharges, the acid of the electrolyte reacts with the materials of the plates, changing their surface to lead sulfate. When the battery is recharged, the chemical reaction is reversed: the lead sulfate reforms into lead oxide and lead. With the plates restored to their original condition, the process may now be repeated.
If you want to see how this is engineered, peer inside an unused battery and go thru' these chapters,
http://www.powerstream.com/1922/battery_1922_WITTE/batteryfiles/chapter02.htm
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